Logic Gates

A gate is a physical device that implements a simple Boolean function. Although most digital computers today use electricity to realize gates and represent binary data, any alternative technology permitting switching and conducting capabilities can be employed.

(Nisan and Schocken 2021, 38 chap.1 part.1.2)

Primitive vs. Composite Gates

References:

Nisan, Noam, and Shimon Schocken. 2021. The Elements of Computing Systems: Building a Modern Computer from First Principles. MIT press.